{"id":23135,"date":"2026-05-15T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/foodemul.com\/ice-cream-emulsifier-systems-complete-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-05-15T08:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T08:00:00","slug":"%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foodemul.com\/ar\/ice-cream-emulsifier-systems-complete-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a 80 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629:<\/strong> 12 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\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0632\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PS80 \u0648 Span 60 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632 PS80 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 Span 60 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"22-polysorbate-80-the-destabilizer\">2.2 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a 80 - \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 PS80 (HLB 15.0) \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 - \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 15 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 5-8 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646\/\u0645\u062a\u0631 - \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646 80 (\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u060c C18:1) \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646 60 (\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643\u060c C18:0) \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f (\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2011). \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635. <a href=\"\/ar\/%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-80-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%85\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a 80 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 PS80 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"23-span-60-the-fat-network-reinforcer\">2.3 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60 - \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60 (HLB 4.7) \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 PS80 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0628).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Span 60 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 HLB \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 HLB \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 8 \u064810\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 20-40%\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f (Hu et al., 2011). \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 <a href=\"\/ar\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%86-e491\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 (E491)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"24-the-ps80span-60-ratio-your-primary-tuning-knob\">2.4 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 PS80\/Span 60 \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>PS80: \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 60<\/th>\n<th>HLB \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1 : 1<\/td>\n<td>~10<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2 : 1<\/td>\n<td>~12<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3 : 1<\/td>\n<td>~13<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 PS80 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647<\/td>\n<td>15.0<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 - \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631 (\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a (10-12% \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f\u0629): <strong>PS80 : Span 60 = 2 : 1<\/strong>, \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 GMS \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 0.2-0.3% \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 - \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 PS80 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 Span 60 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"\/ar\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%8f%d8%b5%d9%86%d9%91%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ba%d8%b0%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d8%b1\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646<\/a> \u0648 <a href=\"\/ar\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%a8-%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-80%d8%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a2%d8%b2%d8%b1-hlb\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 PS80 \u0648 HLB<\/a>.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"3-supporting-emulsifiers\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 PS80 \u0648 Span 60 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628<\/th>\n<th>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>GMS \/ DMG (E471)<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u061b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u061b 0.1-0.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 (E477)<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u061b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646 (E322)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 PS80 \u0648Span 60 \u0648GMS \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a: GMS 80 : PS80 15 : Span 60 5\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 GMS \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b PS80 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 Span 60 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"4-how-ps80-and-span-60-prevent-ice-crystals\">4. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0627 PS80 \u0648 Span 60 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 50 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 - \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a - \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0634\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f (\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PS80 \u0648 Span 60 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0647\u0627 PS80\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0647\u0627 Span 60) \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 - \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 PS80 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0642\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 Span 60 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 <strong>30-50% \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0624 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"5-overrun-body-and-melt-resistance\">5. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"51-overrun-the-air-variable\">5.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 - \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 85 \u0648100% (\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2011). \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 PS80 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 HLB \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 PS80\/Span<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>25-40%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \/ \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 Span 60 (\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>40-80%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>PS80:Span = 2:1 (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>80-120%<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \/ \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 PS80 (\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 id=\"52-melt-resistance\">5.2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 PS80\/Span 60 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 Span 60\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646. \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a: \u0636\u0639 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 50 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 22 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f 90-120 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"6-dosage-by-ice-cream-type\">6. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th>PS80 (\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c %)<\/th>\n<th>Span 60 (% of mix)<\/th>\n<th>GMS (% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 (12-161% \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>0.02-0.05%<\/td>\n<td>0.02-0.05%<\/td>\n<td>0.15-0.25%<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (8-12% \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>0.03-0.06%<\/td>\n<td>0.02-0.04%<\/td>\n<td>0.20-0.30%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0645 (2-6% \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>0.04-0.08%<\/td>\n<td>0.02-0.04%<\/td>\n<td>0.10-0.20%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 PS80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \/ \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>0.04-0.08%<\/td>\n<td>0.03-0.06%<\/td>\n<td>0.20-0.35%<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>0.03-0.06%<\/td>\n<td>0.02-0.04%<\/td>\n<td>0.15-0.25%<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2013 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 PS80 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 0.02% \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0627\u064b. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 0.10%) \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628.<br \/>\n\u2013 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 Span 60 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 - \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<br \/>\n\u2013 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 PS80\/Span 60 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 20-50% \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"7-process-integration\">7. \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 (60-70 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 Span 60 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 56 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0648GMS (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629). \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 PS80 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 70-75 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u2014 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 ~0.6 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 (Hu et al., 2011).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 4 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 4 \u0648 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 PS80 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 Span 60 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 = \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 = \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062c\u0645\u0651\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646.<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627 - \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 -5 \u0648 -6 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c &quot;\u062c\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627&quot; \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 - \u0623\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PS80 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 -30 \u0648 -40 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"8-troubleshooting-with-ps80-and-span-60\">8. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a PS80 \u0648 Span 60<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u062d\u0644 PS80\/Span 60<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u062e\u0634\u0646\/\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c\u061b \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 Span 60\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 PS80 (\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631)\u061b \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0642 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 PS80\u061b \u0648\u0632\u062f Span 60 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 PS80 (\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0631\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 PS80\u061b \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr>\n<h2 id=\"9-summary\">9. \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a 80 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a 80 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 60 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627 - \u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 - \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645:<br \/>\n1. <strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 PS80\/Span 60<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 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