polysorbate 20

overview

Product Name: Polysorbate 20
Common Name: Tween 20 / Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate
CAS Number: 9005-64-5
EINECS Number: 500-018-3
Molecular Formula: C₅₈H₁₁₄O₂₆
Molecular Weight: 1226.48 g/mol

Polysorbate 20 is a nonionic surfactant belonging to the sorbitan ester family. It is produced by the ethoxylation of sorbitol, followed by esterification with lauric acid. With a high hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB ≈ 16.7), it is particularly suitable for forming oil-in-water emulsions. The product appears as a clear to light yellow viscous liquid, easily soluble in water and ethanol, and dispersible in oils. In the food industry, it functions mainly as an emulsifier, dispersant, and solubilizer, especially effective for dispersing flavors and essential oils into aqueous systems.

Molecular structure description

The molecular structure of Polysorbate 20 consists of:

A sorbitan core as the backbone;
Approximately 20 ethylene oxide units introduced by ethoxylation, forming the hydrophilic segment;
A lauric acid ester group as the lipophilic segment.

This amphiphilic structure provides strong hydrophilicity and effective emulsifying performance. It enables Polysorbate 20 to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions and to act as an efficient solubilizer for aroma oils and other lipophilic substances.

Specifications

Due to its structural characteristics, Polysorbate 20 exhibits strong hydrophilicity, high stability, and excellent emulsifying properties. It is widely used in food systems where effective dispersion of flavor oils and stable emulsions are required. The following typical specifications are derived from standard product quality parameters.

Test Item	Unit	Min Value	Max Value
Saponification Value	mgKOH/g	40	50
Iodine Value	mgKOH/g	96	108
Acid Value	mgKOH/g	—	2
Moisture	%	—	3
Ignition Residue	w%	—	0.25
Ethylene Oxide	%	70	74
Lead	mg/kg	—	2

Applications

Used as an emulsifier, dispersant, and solubilizer in beverages, confectionery, baked goods, and frozen desserts.
Particularly effective for dispersing essential oils and flavor oils into water-based systems.

Emulsification Efficiency – Stable W/O Emulsions

Strong emulsifying capacity with excellent performance in oil-in-water systems.

Synergistic effects when combined with other emulsifiers (e.g., mono- and diglycerides, sorbitan esters), improving overall emulsion stability.

Mild & Skin-Friendly – Ideal for Cosmetics

Widely used in lotions, creams, and makeup products, sorbitan esters are non-irritating and suitable for sensitive skin. They provide smooth textures and enhance product stability.

Food Grade & Safe – Emulsifiers for Processing

Approved for food use, they act as emulsifiers in sauces, dairy products, and spreads. Improve mouthfeel, extend shelf life, and maintain homogeneity of processed foods.

Pharmaceutical Use – Enhances Drug Stability

Used in medicinal creams, gels, and suspensions, sorbitan esters help deliver oil-soluble actives effectively. They improve bioavailability and ensure long-term formulation stability.

storage & package

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat.
Avoid contact with harmful or incompatible substances. Handle with care during transportation to prevent leakage or contamination.

Transportation:
Transport as a general chemical product, following standard safety and handling procedures.

Package:
Polysorbate 20 is packed in high-quality PE drums with double-seal lids.
Standard packaging sizes include 25kg/drum, 200kg/drum, and 1000kg IBC tote to meet different usage needs.