sorbitan monooleate

overview

Product Name: Sorbitan Monooleate
CAS Number: 1338-43-8
EINECS Number: 215-665-4
Molecular Formula: C24H44O6
Molecular Weight: 428.6 g/mol
Sorbitan Monooleate (SMO) is a non-ionic surfactant derived from the esterification of sorbitol with oleic acid. It typically appears as a pale yellow to amber oily liquid with minimal or no characteristic odor. Featuring a moderate HLB value (~4.3), it is especially effective at stabilizing water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. As a food-grade emulsifier, it functions as both an emulsifying agent and a dispersant, providing texture control and stability in fat-rich formulations.

Molecular structure description

This molecule consists of a sorbitan (anhydrosorbitol) core esterified with a single oleic acid molecule. This structural configuration creates a balance between hydrophilic and lipophilic properties—though predominantly lipophilic—making it insoluble in water but readily dispersible in oils. The long fatty acid chain of oleic acid imparts fluidity and compatibility with lipid phases, enabling it to function effectively in emulsions and related systems.

Specifications

Before delving into technical details, it’s important to note that Sorbitan Monooleate does more than just emulsify: it enhances the physical characteristics of food systems by improving texture, dispersibility, and stability. It helps regulate fat distribution, reduces graininess, and ensures consistent product quality.
Key qualitative attributes include:

Amber to pale yellow oily liquid form
Minimal characteristic odor
Insoluble in water; dispersible and compatible with lipid systems
Stable under normal processing and storage conditions
Works synergistically with stronger hydrophilic surfactants (e.g., polysorbates) to tailor custom HLB systems

Test Item	Unit	Minimum Value	Maximum Value
Saponification Value	mgKOH/g	145	160
Iodine Value	mgKOH/g	193	210
Acid Value	mgKOH/g	—	8
Moisture	%	—	2
Fatty Acids	w%	73	77
Polyol	w%	28	32
Phosphorus	mg/kg	—	3
Lead	mg/kg	—	2

Applications

Sorbitan Monooleate finds wide application across food and related industries:

Bakery and Confectionery: Enhances dough handling, improves crumb uniformity, contributes to smooth texture in icings, fillings, and coatings.
Frozen Desserts and Whipped Products: Stabilizes ice cream, frozen novelties, and whipped toppings by facilitating fat dispersion and reducing ice crystal formation.
Margarine and Dressings: Improves creamy texture and prevents separation in spreads, salad dressings, and sauces.
Beverages and Pre-mixes: Acts as a dispersing agent in liquid tea concentrates, instant drink mixes, and supplement formulations.
Broader Industrial Uses: Though outside of food, it’s noted in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics where W/O or O/W emulsions are required, serving as an emulsifier, stabilizer, or carrier.

Emulsification Efficiency – Stable W/O Emulsions

Sorbitan esters are highly effective in forming stable water-in-oil emulsions. Ideal for margarine, creams, and ointments, they help maintain consistency and prevent separation over time.

Mild & Skin-Friendly – Ideal for Cosmetics

Widely used in lotions, creams, and makeup products, sorbitan esters are non-irritating and suitable for sensitive skin. They provide smooth textures and enhance product stability.

Food Grade & Safe – Emulsifiers for Processing

Approved for food use, they act as emulsifiers in sauces, dairy products, and spreads. Improve mouthfeel, extend shelf life, and maintain homogeneity of processed foods.

Pharmaceutical Use – Enhances Drug Stability

Used in medicinal creams, gels, and suspensions, sorbitan esters help deliver oil-soluble actives effectively. They improve bioavailability and ensure long-term formulation stability.

storage & package

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat.
Avoid contact with harmful or incompatible substances. Handle with care during transportation to prevent leakage or contamination.

Transportation:
Transport as a general chemical product, following standard safety and handling procedures.

Package:
Sorbitan Monooleate is packed in high-quality PE drums with double-seal lids.
Standard packaging sizes include 25kg/drum, 200kg/drum, and 1000kg IBC tote to meet different usage needs.