sorbitan monopalmitate

overview

Product Name: Sorbitan Monopalmitate
Common Name: Span 40
CAS Number: (not specified in the image)
EINECS Number: (not specified in the image)
Molecular Formula: C₂₂H₄₂O₆
Molecular Weight: 402.62 g/mol
Sorbitan Monopalmitate, also known as Span 40, is a nonionic surfactant derived from the esterification of sorbitol with palmitic acid.
It is widely used as a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifier in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications. Span 40 exhibits excellent emulsifying and dispersing capabilities, stabilizing emulsions and improving the consistency of formulations.
With an HLB value of approximately 6.70, it is especially suitable for creating stable W/O emulsions, often used in combination with other emulsifiers to achieve optimal performance.

Molecular structure description

Hydrophobic (lipophilic) part: Palmitic acid (C₁₆ fatty acid chain)
Hydrophilic part: Sorbitan (dehydrated sorbitol) head group
HLB value: ~6.7 (lipophilic, suitable for water-in-oil emulsions)

Specifications

Sorbitan Monopalmitate is an amber-colored or pale yellow waxy solid or soft, granular, wax-like mass with a mild, fatty odor. It is insoluble in water but disperses in hot water to form a milky emulsion. It is sparingly soluble in hot ethanol, isopropanol, xylene, toluene, and mineral oils, where it forms emulsions. It dissolves in vegetable oils and warm organic solvents like ethyl acetate and acetone. The melting point is approximately 45–47 °C.
Due to its amphiphilic molecular structure and solubility characteristics, Span 40 effectively reduces surface tension, stabilizes emulsions, and provides excellent wetting and dispersing properties. As a lipophilic emulsifier, it is commonly incorporated into W/O emulsion systems, where it can be used alone or in synergy with other emulsifiers to enhance the stability and texture of formulations.

Test Item	Unit	Minimum Value	Maximum Value
Saponification Value	mgKOH/g	140	155
Iodine Value	mgKOH/g	270	305
Acid Value	mgKOH/g	—	7
Moisture	%	—	1.5
Saturated Fatty Acid	%	63	71
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid	%	33	38
Sulfated Ash	%	—	0.5
Phosphorus	mg/kg	—	3
Lead	mg/kg	—	2

Applications

Sorbitan Monopalmitate (Span 40) is widely used across various industries for its excellent emulsifying, lubricating, stabilizing, and defoaming properties.
It is particularly effective in water-in-oil emulsions and shows outstanding compatibility with other nonionic surfactants.
Its mildness and versatility make it a preferred choice in formulations that require both stability and safety.

Emulsification Efficiency – Stable W/O Emulsions

Sorbitan esters are highly effective in forming stable water-in-oil emulsions. Ideal for margarine, creams, and ointments, they help maintain consistency and prevent separation over time.

Mild & Skin-Friendly – Ideal for Cosmetics

Widely used in lotions, creams, and makeup products, sorbitan esters are non-irritating and suitable for sensitive skin. They provide smooth textures and enhance product stability.

Food Grade & Safe – Emulsifiers for Processing

Approved for food use, they act as emulsifiers in sauces, dairy products, and spreads. Improve mouthfeel, extend shelf life, and maintain homogeneity of processed foods.

Pharmaceutical Use – Enhances Drug Stability

Used in medicinal creams, gels, and suspensions, sorbitan esters help deliver oil-soluble actives effectively. They improve bioavailability and ensure long-term formulation stability.

storage & package

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat.
Avoid contact with harmful or incompatible substances. Handle with care during transportation to prevent leakage or contamination.

Transportation:
Transport as a general chemical product, following standard safety and handling procedures.

Package:
Sorbitan Monopalmitate is packed in high-quality PE drums with double-seal lids.
Standard packaging sizes include 25kg/drum, 200kg/drum, and 1000kg IBC tote to meet different usage needs.